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Murfreesboro is a city in and the county seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 101,753 according to the United States Census Bureau's 2009 report, up from 81,393 residents certified during the city's 2005 special census. The center of population of Tennessee is located in Murfreesboro. The city is part of the Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes thirteen counties and a population of 1,666,566 (2009). Although Murfreesboro is sometimes considered a suburb of Nashville, Tennessee, at 35 miles (56 km) it is far enough away and has a large enough population to maintain a separate identity from its larger neighbor, and thus can be considered an exurb. It is Tennessee's fastest growing major city and one of the fastest growing cities in the country, with a population growth from 46,000 to 69,000 between 1990 and 2000, a change of 50%. The city is also home to Middle Tennessee State University, the largest undergraduate university in the state of Tennessee, with an undergraduate population of 22,299 and 25,188 total students as of 2009. In 2006, Murfreesboro was ranked by Money as the 84th best place to live in the United States, out of 745 cities with a population over 50,000. History of Murfreesboro In 1811, the Tennessee State Legislature established a county seat for Rutherford County. The town was first named "Cannonsburgh" in honor of Tennessee politician Newton Cannon, but was soon renamed "Murfreesboro" for Revolutionary War hero Colonel Hardy Murfree, later the great-grandfather of author Mary Noailles Murfree. As Tennessee grew westward, it became clear that having the state capital in Knoxville would be a burden to those who had to travel from the western end of the state. In 1818, Murfreesboro became the capital of Tennessee until 1826, when Nashville became the state capital. On December 31, 1862, the Battle of Stones River, also called the Battle of Murfreesboro, was fought near Murfreesboro. This was a major engagement of the American Civil War. Between December 31 and January 2, 1863, there were 23,515 casualties, making it the bloodiest major battle of the war. As part of General William S. Rosecrans's defense of the city his army built Fortress Rosecrans around the town. The fortifications comprised more than 225 acres and were the largest built during the war. Large portions of the earthworks survive to this day. At the end of the battle, when Confederate General Braxton Bragg retreated 36 miles (58 km) to the south, General Rosecrans did not pursue. The battle resulted in a Union victory. After the battle, Murfreesboro was used as a supply depot for the Union Army. Stones River National Battlefield is now a historical site. Murfreesboro began as a mainly agricultural community, but by 1853 the area was home to several colleges and academies, earning it the nickname "Athens of Tennessee". Despite the trauma of the Civil War, by the early 1900s its growth began to regain momentum, in contrast to large areas of the South.

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